日志
法教：蓄意犯法，破产难逃
热度 2 ||
【未经书面许可、不得转载，违者必究】
《法教：法网恢恢，越挣越紧》中提到 Jammie THOMAS-RASSET 侵权案，案件介绍参见 Capitol Records, Inc. v. Thomas-Rasset, 692 F.3d 899 (8th Cir.2012) 。最终结局是原告提出赔22万美金算了，巡回法院也就乐得顺水推舟，判处赔22万，每首歌9千多美金。
OJX指出，托马斯宣布宁愿破产也不愿给原告一分钱。其实，RIAA打这种案子就是立威。本来托马斯只要交几千块就了事了。假如是稍微有点家底的，也就会选择乖乖交钱了事。像我认识的那位就立刻明智地交了几千块。但无产阶级就是不怕，本来就一无所有，几千块交不出，几十万更是没有，零资产破产也还是零，骑自行车卖沙发说不定还能吃救济。
不过从法律上，我还要讲个道理，有的债务不是破产就能勾销的。根据美国破产法 523(a)(6) ， 个人不能通过破产逃避由蓄意或者恶意给他人造成的伤害（ "for willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another entity or to the property of another entity." ）。托马斯蓄意侵权被判处的赔偿很可能无法通过破产勾销。（破产法里的willful 跟版权里的willful 并不完全相同，但在 intentional 侵权的情况下可能是相同的）
不能通过破产勾销的债务怎么办？慢慢 赔呗，从你工资里扣，不会饿死你，但也不会让你有钱挥霍，直到连本带利还清为止。
【未经书面许可、不得转载，违者必究】
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- 回复 岳东晓
- In re Ahmed, 359 BR 34 [Here, the Magistrate Judge applied the Second Circuit's standard of "willfulness" under the Copyright Act and found that the debtor had actual or constructive knowledge that his actions constituted an infringement of the copyright holders' rights...The Magistrate Judge also found that the debtor sold the films in deliberate disregard of warnings that he was selling pirated DVDs. R & R at 6. This is sufficient to support a finding of willfulness under § 523(a)(6) because the debtor had knowledge that he was violating the Copyright Act, and continued to do so despite the warnings, demonstrating not only an intent to commit the intentional act of selling the DVDs, but also an intent to inflict injury. The debtor knew that the injury was unavoidable or substantially certain to occur because of his conduct...The term "malicious" means wrongful and without just cause or excuse, even in the absence of personal hatred, spite, or Voyatzoglou v. Hambley (In re Hambley), 329 B.R. 382, 402 (Bankr.E.D.N.Y.2005)(citing In re Scheller, 265 B.R. 39, 54-55 (Bankr.S.D.N.Y. 2001)); Hope v. Walker (In re Walker), 48 F.3d 1161, 1164 (11th Cir.1995) ("As used in section 523(a)(6), malicious means wrongful and without just cause or excessive even in the absence of personal hatred, spite or ill-will." (quotations omitted)); Vulcan Coals, 946 F.2d at 1229.]
